Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) [XC580177]
by Erick Nicol\u00e1s Pati\u00f1o Acosta from Rio Sucuri\u00fa, Tr\u00eas Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (call)
Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) [XC840019]
by Barry Edmonston from Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile (?)
Subspecies
Based on proportions and vocalization, might comprise two species, with separation of cayennensis, incorporating lampronotus. However, intergradation known at one locality. Subspecies fretensis sometimes merged with nominate subspecies.
The following 4 subspecies are recognised:
cayennensis (Gmelin, JF, 1789) - Northern South America, north of R Amazon.
lampronotus (Wagler, 1827) - R Amazon south through central, eastern and southern Brazil to northern Chile and northern Argentina.
chilensis (Molina, 1782) - Argentina and Chile south to Chiloé I and Comodoro Rivadavia.
fretensis (Brodkorb, 1934) - Southern Chile and southern Argentina.