Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) [XC528040]
by Peter Ward and Ken Hall from Sinlaheken Wildlife Area, Okanogan County, Washington, United States (drumming)
Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) [XC416168]
by Sue Riffe from Fraser-Fort George F (near Willow River), Fraser-Fort George, British Columbia, Canada (drumming)
Subspecies
Known to have hybridized, very rarely, with Spruce Grouse (Falcipennis canadensis).
The following 15 subspecies are recognised:
yukonensis Grinnell, 1916 - Western Alsaka and central Yukon to northern Alberta and north-western Saskatchewan.
umbelloides (Douglas, 1829) - Northern British Columbia through central Alberta, central Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario to Quebec.
labradorensis Ouellet, 1991 - Labrador Peninsula.
sabini (Douglas, 1829) - Pacific coast from south-western British Columbia to north-western California.