Albania (B), Algeria, Bahrain, Bulgaria (B), Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic (NB), Chad, Côte dIvoire (NB), Croatia (Local Name: Hrvatska) (B), Cyprus (B), Djibouti, Egypt, France (B), Gambia, Ghana, Gibraltar (B), Greece (B) (P), Guinea (NB), Guinea-bissau, Iran [Islamic Republic of] (B), Iraq (B) (NB) (P), Israel (B), Italy (B), Jordan (B) (P), Kuwait (B), Lebanon (B), Liberia (NB), Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Macedonia [The Former Yugoslav Republic of] (B), Mali, Malta (B), Mauritania, Monaco (B), Montenegro (B), Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Oman (B), Pakistan, Portugal (B), Qatar, Saudi Arabia (B), Serbia (B), Sierra Leone, Spain (B), Sudan, Switzerland (B), Syrian Arab Republic (B), Togo, Tunisia, Turkey (B), United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara (B).
Vagrant to Bosnia and Herzegovina, Congo [The Democratic Republic of the], Denmark, Hungary, Maldives, Norway, Senegal, South Africa, Sweden, Uganda, United Kingdom, Zambia.
Unknown to Slovenia (B).
Population
Estimated population is 250,000 - 2,000,000 (2010).
brehmorum Hartert, 1901 - Western Palearctic from Portugal east to Turkey (except Dalmatian coast), and from Morocco to north-western Egypt, including Canary Is and Madeira. Winters in Sahel.
illyricus Tschusi, 1907 - Dalmatian coast and possibly eastern Italian coast. Winters in Sahel.
pallidus (Shelley, 1855) - Banc d'Arguin through Sahara to Middle East and Pakistan; migratory populations winter in Sahel, with limited wintering coastal Pakistan.