Argentina (B), Bolivia (B), Brazil (NB), Colombia (NB), Panama (NB), Paraguay (B), Peru (NB), Uruguay (B).
Breeds in southern Bolivia (southern from central Cochabamba and western Santa Cruz) and much of Argentina (generally south to Chubut); migrates north to western Amazonia.
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2011).
Southern Martin (Progne elegans) [XC273180]
by Niels Krabbe from Miramar west side, C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina (song)
Southern Martin (Progne elegans) [XC430684]
by id from Valle Escondido, La Carolina, San Luis. Coordinates -32.48, -66.06, Argentina (call)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Progne modesta (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) has been split into Galapagos Martin (Progne modesta), Peruvian Martin (Progne murphyi) and Southern Martin (Progne elegans) following SACC (2005).
Forms a superspecies with others of genus apart from Brown-chested Martin (Progne tapera). Sometimes treated as subspecies of Galapagos Martin (Progne modesta). Hybrids with Grey-breasted Martin (Progne chalybea) recorded in north-western Argentina.