South-eastern Brazil (southern Sío Paulo south to northern Rio Grande do Sul), eastern Paraguay (records from Caazapá, Alto Paraná, and possibly southern Caaguazú) and north-eastern Argentina (Misiones).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010) and decreasing.
Canebrake Groundcreeper (Clibanornis dendrocolaptoides) [XC295714]
by Jeremy Minns from Monte Alegre, Tel\u00eamaco Borba, Paran\u00e1, Brazil (call)
Canebrake Groundcreeper (Clibanornis dendrocolaptoides) [XC722645]
by Luiz C. Silva from Santa Maria do Oeste, Paran\u00e1, Brazil (call, song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
No obvious close relatives. Formerly thought to be close to Cinclodes. Sometimes placed in genus Phacellodomus, but vocal and plumage differences support treatment in monotypic genus.