Sierra de Perijá, and Andes from western Venezuela (Táchira) and Colombia (all three cordilleras) southern on eastern slopes to Peru and north-western Bolivia (La Paz). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Subtropical Cacique (Cacicus uropygialis) [XC614056]
by Brian Cox from Plan del Rio Tarqui, Colombia (call, song, subsong)
Subtropical Cacique (Cacicus uropygialis) [XC614055]
by Mauricio Cuellar Ramirez (@Birding.travel) from Plan del Rio Tarqui, Colombia (call)
Subspecies
Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).
The following 3 subspecies are recognised:
microrhynchus (Sclater & Salvin, 1865) - Eastern Honduras southern in Caribbean lowlands (in Costa Rica and Panama also locally in Pacific lowlands) to eastern Panama (San Blas). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).
pacificus Chapman, 1915 - Eastern Panama (Darién) and Pacific lowlands of Colombia south to south-western Ecuador (El Oro). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Pacific Cacique (Cacicus pacificus).
uropygialis (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1865) - Sierra de Perijá, and Andes from western Venezuela (Táchira) and Colombia (all three cordilleras) southern on eastern slopes to Peru and north-western Bolivia (La Paz). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).