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[HBW - BirdLife (v3)] |
24/05/2024 08:29:04 PM |
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| Species Details [Taxonomy: HBW - BirdLife (v3)] |
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Norfolk Starling* |
Id (Atlas): |
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Aplonis fusca |
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Description (4)
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Norfolk Starling
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Other Scientific Names
Aplornis fusca [Christidis and Boles (2008)]
Other Names (World)
Norfolk Starling, Lord Howe Starling, Norfolk Island Starling, Sooty Starling, Blackbird, Bate's Bird, Cudgimeruk, Red-eye, Red-eyes, Tasman Starling
Family
Sturnidae (Starlings)
Size
20 cm
First Described (Guide)
Gould, 1836
Derivation
Ap-lön'-is - no derivation has been found; the name suggest Apollonius, from Apollo, the sun: fus'-ca - L., fuscus, brown
Habitat
Subspecies hulliana occupied all forested areas. Habitat of fusca is not known but was probably rainforest.
Australia (E) (B), Norfolk Island (E) (B).
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Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands.
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Status EX
Extinct. Subspecies, fusca was endemic to Norfolk Island and was last seen in 1923, and hulliana was endemic to Lord Howe Island and was last seen in 1918. Extinction of fusca was probably due to habitat loss and competition by introduced species such as Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula), Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos) and Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), whereas hulliana was extinct before introduction of the Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) and was probably a victim of predation by Black Rats.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Food
Little known. Fed in flocks on banana plantations, orchards and other crops, so fruits were a part of its diet.
Voice
Poorly known, but described as bold and noisy, uttering loud, challenging notes.
Nest
Open structure composed of grass and twigs, in a hollow of a tree (hulliana).
Eggs (Guide)
3 - 5, usually 4; bluish-green with sparsely scattered blotches and freckles of pale, red, mainly at the larger end; oval or biconical; about 26 x 19 mm.
Subspecies
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
- fusca ! Gould, 1836 - Norfolk Island.
- hulliana ! Mathews, 1912 - Lord Howe Island.
References
See References.
The Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Pizzey, G., and Knight, E., 1997, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 19691 5
Field Guide to Australian Birds Morecombe, M., 2000, Steve Parish Publishing Pty Ltd. ISBN 1 876282 10 X
Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Simpson, K., and Day, N., 1999, 6th Edition, Viking ISBN 0 670 87918 5
Reader's Digest Complete Book of Australian Birds 1988, 2nd Edition, Reader's Digest ISBN 0 949819 99 9
What Bird is That? 1984, Revised Edition, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 14846 5
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds 1990 - , Oxford University Press, Melbourne ISBN 0 19 553244 9
Files:
BirdLife International
For more information about the Norfolk Starling see...  BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
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