Canada, China (mainland), Czech Republic (NB), Denmark (NB), Finland (B) (NB) (P), Greenland (B) (NB), Japan, Latvia, Mongolia, Norway (B), Romania (NB), Russia (Asian) (B), Russia (Central Asian) (B) (NB), Russia (European) (B) (P), Slovakia (Slovak Republic) (NB), Sweden (B) (NB), USA (B).
Vagrant to Belgium, Faroe Islands, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Netherlands Antilles, Poland, St Pierre and Miquelon (P), Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands, Ukraine, United Kingdom.
Population
Estimated population is 30,000,000 (2010).
Subspecies
Probably forms superspecies with Lesser Redpoll (Carduelis cabaret) and Common Redpoll (Acanthis flammea). Hybridizes with Common Redpoll (Acanthis flammea) in northern Norway.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
exilipes (Coues, 1862) - Breeds in extreme northern Eurasia from northern Norway, northern Sweden and northern Russia east to Bering Sea and Anadyrland, and in northern North America from western and northern Alaska eastern in Canada to northern Yukon, northern Nunavut and northern Manitoba. Winters northern Europe and southern in Asia to northern China (north-western Xinjiang, Gansu and eastern Inner Mongolia) and Sakhalin I, and throughout Alaska and Canada and southern Greenland.
hornemanni (Holböll, 1843) - Breeds northern Canada (Ellesmere I, Axel Heiberg I, Devon I, Bylot I, and northern and eastern Baffin I) and western and eastern Greenland. Winters south to central and north-eastern Canada (to northern Quebec and Labrador) and north-eastern USA (New England).
The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds 1980, 3rd Edition, Drive Publications Ltd ISBN 0 340 25308 8
Birds in Colour Campbell, B., 1960, Penguin Books Ltd
The Pocket Guide to Nest and Eggs Fitter, R.S.R., 1954, Collins
RSPB Handbook of British Birds Holden, P., Cleeves, T., 2002, A & C Black ISBN 0 7136 5713 8
Birds of Britain and Europe Sterry, P., et al., 2001, AA Publishing ISBN 0 7495 3068 5
The Popular Handbook of British Birds Hollom, P.A.D., 1973, H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd ISBN 0 85493 002 7
BirdLife International Species Factsheet