Afghanistan, China (mainland), India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.
Breeds Uzbekistan, eastern Turkmenistan, south-eastern Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, extreme western China (Tien Shan), Baluchistan hills and from northern and eastern Afghanistan east in Himalayas to Nepal, and south through most of peninsular India. Non-breeding also farther south in India and in Sri Lanka.
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2012).
Indian Golden Oriole (Oriolus kundoo) [XC472855]
by Andrew Spencer from Mohan area, Corbett NP buffer zone, Uttarakhand, India (song)
Indian Golden Oriole (Oriolus kundoo) [XC571750]
by from Pench NP, Seoni, Madhya Pradesh, India (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Closely related to Eurasian Golden-Oriole (Oriolus oriolus) and African Golden Oriole (Oriolus auratus). Until recently considered to be conspecific with Eurasian Golden-Oriole (Oriolus oriolus), but differs in morphology and vocalizations and the two appear not to intergrade. All three form a superspecies, perhaps also including Slender-billed Oriole (Oriolus tenuirostris) and Black-naped Oriole (Oriolus chinensis) as members.
Three proposed geographical forms, yarkandensis (from Yarkand, in eastern Turkestan), turkestanica (Turkestan City) and baltistanicus (Dagoni, in Baltistan), are considered untenable.