Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.
Population
Estimated population is 5,000,000 - 50,000,000 (2010).
Lineated Woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) [XC525029]
by Mauricio \u00c1lvarez-Rebolledo from PNN Tayrona, sectores Ca\u00f1averal y Arrecifes, Colombia (?)
Lineated Woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) [XC475559]
by Fabrice Schmitt from Parque Provincial Cruce Caballero, Misiones, Argentina (call, song)
Subspecies
Forms a superspecies with Pileated Woodpecker (Hylatomus pileatus) and Black-bodied Woodpecker (Hylatomus schulzii). Interbreeds with Black-bodied Woodpecker (Hylatomus schulzii). Large degree of individual variation exists among all populations. Subspecies erythrops, previously regarded as a separate species, is perhaps only a variable morph. Additional described subspecies are obsoletus (Sonora), petersi (Tamaulipas), mesorhynchus (Costa Rica), nuperus (Santa Marta, in northern Colombia), improcerus (Bahia, in eastern Brazil) and fulcitus (Chaco, in Argentina), all considered insufficiently differentiated to be accepted.
The following 5 subspecies are recognised:
scapularis (Vigors, 1829) - Western Mexico (southern from Sonora).
similis (Lesson, R, 1847) - Eastern and southern Mexico south to north-western Costa Rica.
lineatus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Eastern and southern Costa Rica to western Colombia and east to Trinidad, the Guianas and north-eastern and eastern Brazil (Maranhío, Bahia), south to eastern Peru, northern Paraguay and Sío Paulo.
fuscipennis Sclater, PL, 1860 - Western Ecuador and north-western Peru. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Dusky-winged Woodpecker (Hylatomus fuscipennis).
erythrops (Valenciennes, 1826) - Eastern Paraguay, northern and north-eastern Argentina (eastern Salta, Misiones, Corrientes) and south-eastern Brazil (Espírito Santo and Sío Paulo south to Rio Grande do Sul).
BirdLife International Species Factsheet