Sierra de Perijá, and Andes from western Venezuela (Táchira) and Colombia (all three cordilleras) southern on eastern slopes to Peru and north-western Bolivia (La Paz). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Subtropical Cacique (Cacicus uropygialis) [XC241461]
by John V. Moore from Reserva Natural r\u00edo \u00d1amb\u00ed, Vereda el Barro, Altaquer, Barbacoas, Nari\u00f1o., Colombia (song)
Subtropical Cacique (Cacicus uropygialis) [XC750656]
by Allen T. Chartier from Caba\u00f1as San Isidro, Cosanga, Quijos, Napo, Ecuador (song)
Subspecies
Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).
The following 3 subspecies are recognised:
microrhynchus (Sclater & Salvin, 1865) - Eastern Honduras southern in Caribbean lowlands (in Costa Rica and Panama also locally in Pacific lowlands) to eastern Panama (San Blas). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).
pacificus Chapman, 1915 - Eastern Panama (Darién) and Pacific lowlands of Colombia south to south-western Ecuador (El Oro). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Pacific Cacique (Cacicus pacificus).
uropygialis (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1865) - Sierra de Perijá, and Andes from western Venezuela (Táchira) and Colombia (all three cordilleras) southern on eastern slopes to Peru and north-western Bolivia (La Paz). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Scarlet-rumped Cacique (Cacicus microrhynchus).