Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Canada (B), Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guadeloupe (NB), Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (B), Venezuela, Virgin Islands (British) (NB), Virgin Islands (U.S.) (NB).
Vagrant to Antigua And Barbuda, Barbados, Denmark, Ecuador, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Montenegro, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, Serbia, St Pierre and Miquelon (P), Sweden (B), United Kingdom.
Breeds eastern North America, from southern Canada (south-eastern Saskatchewan and southern Manitoba east to southern New Brunswick) southern in USA to western Kansas and central Texas across to Gulf Coast and eastern seaboard, also western into New Mexico and southern Arizona. Migrates to Middle America from central Mexico (southern Tamaulipas) south to eastern Panama and West Indies.
 
Population
Estimated population is 28,000,000 (2010).
Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) [XC371687]
by Vicki Dern from Overland Park Arboretum & Botanical Gardens, Johnson County, Kansas, United States (song)
Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) [XC266303]
by Jim Holmes from San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge, Cochise County, Arizona, United States (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Genus sometimes placed in family Emberizidae. May form a superspecies with Lazuli Bunting (Passerina amoena) and often treated as conspecific. The two hybridize extensively. Hybrids reported rarely also with Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris) and, in captivity, with Orange-breasted Bunting (Passerina leclancherii). Has also hybridized with captive domestic Island Canary (Serinus canaria).