Plain Antvireo (Dysithamnus mentalis) [XC250803]
by Niels Krabbe from Zamora-Chinchipe: 'Caba\u00f1as Yankuam' 2 km S Las Orchideas, Nangaritza Valley, Ecuador (song)
Plain Antvireo (Dysithamnus mentalis) [XC264596]
by Jerome Fischer from Amazonas: S of Bagua Grande, Peru (call, calls)
Subspecies
Relationships of genus not clearly established. Preliminary molecular evidence suggests affiliation with Thamnophilus, and morphological characteristics have connected it with Thamnomanes. Appears to form a monophyletic group with Spot-breasted Antvireo (Dysithamnus stictothorax), Streak-crowned Antvireo (Dysithamnus striaticeps), Spot-crowned Antvireo (Dysithamnus puncticeps) and Rufous-backed Antvireo (Dysithamnus xanthopterus) to which other species placed in the genus are probably closely related. Racial divisions of present species somewhat tentative. Some subspecies may represent points on a cline of plumage variation, and in some areas (e.g. in Colombia and Peru) range delimitations therefore impossible to describe with certainty. Molecular studies needed in order to establish relationships among populations.
The following 18 subspecies are recognised:
septentrionalis Ridgway, 1908 - Atlantic slope from south-eastern Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas) east to Honduras, and both slopes in Costa Rica and western Panama (west of Canal).
suffusus Nelson, 1912 - Both slopes in eastern Panama and extreme north-western Colombia (northern Chocó, northern Antioquia).
extremus Todd, 1916 - Western Colombia (western Andes and western slope of central range from southern Antioquia, western Caldas and Riseralda south to Cauca).
aequatorialis Todd, 1916 - Pacific slope in western Ecuador and extreme north-western Peru (Tumbes).
viridis Aveledo & Pons, 1952 - Northern Colombia (mountains from La Guajira south to northern Santander) and western Venezuela (Sierra de Perijá and western portion of Andes in Zulia, Mérida and Táchira).
cumbreanus Hellmayr & Seilern, 1915 - Northern Venezuela (coastal mountains, Falcón and Lara east to northern Sucre).
oberi Ridgway, 1908 - Tobago.
andrei Hellmayr, 1906 - North-eastern Venezuela (southern Sucre south to north-eastern Bolívar) and Trinidad; presumably this subspecies in western and southern Guyana.
ptaritepui Zimmer, JT & Phelps, 1946 - South-eastern Venezuela (Ptari-tepuí and Sororopán-tepuí, in Bolívar).
spodionotus Salvin & Godman, 1883 - Southern Venezuela (southern Bolívar, Amazonas) and extreme northern Brazil (northern Roraima).
semicinereus Sclater, PL, 1855 - West-central Colombia from southern Santander south to western Caquetá (eastern slope of central Andes, central and southern portion of eastern range, and Macarena Mts).
napensis Chapman, 1925 - Extreme southern Colombia (eastern slope of Andes in Putumayo) south to extreme northern Peru (northern Amazonas).
tambillanus Taczanowski, 1884 - Eastern slope in northern and central Peru (eastern Piura, southern Amazonas and south-western Loreto south to Huánuco and and western Ucayali).
olivaceus (Tschudi, 1844) - Eastern slope in central Peru (Pasco south to Cuzco and western Madre de Dios).
tavarae Zimmer, JT, 1932 - South-eastern Madre de Dios south to central Bolivia (southern La Paz, southern Beni, Cochabamba, south-western Santa Cruz).
emiliae Hellmayr, 1912 - North-eastern Brazil (south-eastern Pará east to Ceará and Paraíba, south to northern Tocantins and Alagoas).
affinis Pelzeln, 1868 - Extreme north-eastern Bolivia (north-eastern Santa Cruz) and central Brazil (southern Mato Grosso, northern Mato Grosso do Sul, and southern Tocantins south to southern Goiás).
mentalis (Temminck, 1823) - East-central and south-eastern Brazil (eastern Bahia, southern Minas Gerais and southern Mato Grosso do Sul south to Rio Grande do Sul), eastern Paraguay and north-eastern Argentina (Misiones).
BirdLife International Species Factsheet