North-eastern Peru (eastern Loreto), central Brazil south of Amazon (east to R Xingu drainage and south-eastern Mato Grosso) and extreme north-eastern Bolivia; also isolated population in south-eastern Peru (close to Puerto Maldonado, in south-eastern Madre de Dios).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Flame-crested Manakin (Heterocercus linteatus) [XC781270]
by Jacob Wijpkema from Sinop, MT 423 Rio de Maria, Mato Grosso, Brazil (call)
Flame-crested Manakin (Heterocercus linteatus) [XC781268]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Sinop, MT 423 Rio de Maria, Mato Grosso, Brazil (call)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Genus has been suggested as being closest to Pipra on basis of syringeal details, also as possibly sister to Corapipo on basis of display behaviour and nest architecture. Forms a superspecies with Yellow-crested Manakin (Heterocercus flavivertex) and Orange-crested Manakin (Heterocercus aurantiivertex), and all sometimes considered conspecific. Status of a fourth described taxon, Heterocercus luteocephalus ("Golden-crested Manakin"), known only from unique type (now lost or destroyed) from unknown locality, considered doubtful, probably of hybrid origin. Has apparently hybridized with Crimson-hooded Manakin (Pipra aureola) (hybrid form described as "Pipra anomala").