Belize, Canada (B), Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, St Pierre and Miquelon (B) (P), USA (B).
Vagrant to Cuba, Greenland, Jamaica.
Breeds western Canada from central and northern British Columbia and west-central and southern Mackenzie east to Newfoundland, Prince Edward I and Nova Scotia, and southern into north-eastern USA (eastern from northern Minnesota and Great Lakes region, southern into Pennsylvania, central New York, and disjunctly in West Virginia). Winters from south-eastern and south-western Mexico (on Caribbean slope from southern Tamaulipas, on Pacific slope from Oaxaca) south to western Panama.
 
Population
Estimated population is 6,000,000 (2010).
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher (Empidonax flaviventris) [XC164759]
by Paul Marvin from Cutler Coast Unit Preserve, Cutler, Washington County, Maine, United States (call)
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher (Empidonax flaviventris) [XC629139]
by Logan McLeod from Brownfield Bog WMA, Oxford Co., Maine, United States (song)