Canada (B), China (mainland), Greenland (B), Japan, Russia (Asian) (B), Russia (European), USA (B).
Vagrant to Belgium, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands Antilles, Norway, Poland, Russia (Central Asian), Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands, Sweden, United Kingdom.
Population
Estimated population is 25,000 - 100,000 (2010).
Voice
High melodious calls at breeding colonies. A mellow barking 'prrew' and tern-like 'kik-kik-kik...'. Generally silent at other times. Occasionally utter 'kuwa kuwa' in flight.