Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada (B), Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, St Pierre and Miquelon (P), Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (B), Venezuela.
Vagrant to Barbados, Jamaica, Virgin Islands (U.S.).
Breeds south-eastern Canada (Saskatchewan east to Maritime Provinces) and southern in USA to south-central Texas, Gulf Coast states and central Florida. Winters mainly from Colombia and Venezuela south to northern Bolivia and western Brazil, casually as far northern as Costa Rica.
 
Population
Estimated population is 6,000,000 (2010).
Eastern Wood Pewee (Contopus virens) [XC57214]
by Jonathon Jongsma from Vernon Marsh, Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States (song, twilight song)
Eastern Wood Pewee (Contopus virens) [XC316663]
by Lance A. M. Benner from Oxford, Lafayette County, Mississippi, United States (call)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Thought by some possibly to form a superspecies with Western Wood-Pewee (Contopus sordidulus) and Tropical Pewee (Contopus cinereus) and has been considered conspecific with Western Wood-Pewee (Contopus sordidulus).