White-cheeked Antbird © flickr.com

May prove to be a member of an obligate ant-following clade. Forms a superspecies with Rufous-throated Antbird (Gymnopithys rufigula). Populations west of Andes (olivascens, bicolor, daguae, aequatorialis, ruficeps) sometimes treated as a separate species (Bicolored Antbird (Gymnopithys bicolor)). Preliminary study suggests that these are at least moderately differentiated genetically, but further molecular study and analysis of vocalizations are required before taxonomic changes can be recommended.

The following 9 subspecies are recognised:

• olivascens (Sclater, 1855)   -  Caribbean slope in Honduras and Nicaragua, and both slopes in Costa Rica and western Panama (Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí­). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Bicolored Antbird (Gymnopithys bicolor).
• bicolor (Lawrence, 1863)   -  Honduras to western Ecuador.
• daguae Hellmayr, 1906   -  Pacific slope in central Colombia (southern Chocó south to Cauca). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Bicolored Antbird (Gymnopithys bicolor).
• aequatorialis (Hellmayr, 1902)   -  Pacific slope in extreme southern Colombia (Nariño) and Ecuador. Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Bicolored Antbird (Gymnopithys bicolor).
• ruficeps Salvin and Godman, 1892   -  Northern Colombia (northern slope of Andes from Antioquia east to southern Cesar, and southern in Magdalena Valley to Boyacá). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Bicolored Antbird (Gymnopithys bicolor).
• leucaspis (Sclater, 1855)   -  Central Colombia (Meta).
• castaneus Zimmer, JT, 1937   -  South-central Colombia (Putumayo), eastern Ecuador and northern Peru (west of R Napo, north of R Marañón).
• lateralis Todd, 1927   -  South-eastern Colombia (eastern Caquetá east to southern Guianí­a, south to Amazonas), extreme north-eastern Peru (east of R Napo) and northern Brazil north of R Amazon (east to R Negro).
• peruanus Zimmer, JT, 1937   -  North-central Peru (south of R Marañón in southern Amazonas, south-western Loreto and San Martí­n).

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