Green-and-black Fruiteater (Pipreola riefferii) [XC260986]
by Olaf Jahn from Pichincha: Tandayapa ridge 3 km SSW Tandayapa, Ecuador (call, song, calls)
Green-and-black Fruiteater (Pipreola riefferii) [XC693773]
by Simon Mills from Piedra del Amor, Huila, Colombia (call)
Subspecies
Closely related to Band-tailed Fruiteater (Pipreola intermedia), and has been treated as conspecific. However, in addition to differences in plumage (especially tail colour), the two overlap in range in central Peru and in some areas occur together, although they differ in altitudinal range. Distinctive subspecies tallmanorum, from outlying mountains east of main Andean range, may merit species status. Subspecies confusa possibly better merged with chachapoyas.
The following 6 subspecies are recognised:
melanolaema Sclater, PL, 1856 - Mountains of north-western and northern Venezuela (southern Lara south to central Táchira, and Aragua east to Miranda).
riefferii (Boissonneau, 1840) - Sierra de Perijá (on Colombia-Venezuela border), western Venezuela (western Táchira), and eastern and central Andes of Colombia.
occidentalis (Chapman, 1914) - Western Andes (also extreme southern end of central range) of Colombia and western slope in Ecuador.
confusa Zimmer, JT, 1936 - Eastern Andes of Ecuador and extreme northern Peru (western Amazonas).
chachapoyas (Hellmayr, 1915) - Northern Peru east of R Marañón (in Amazonas and San Martín).
tallmanorum O'Neill & Parker, TA, 1981 - Carpish Mts and Cerros de Sira, in Huánuco (Peru).
BirdLife International Species Factsheet