Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China (mainland), India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan (China), Thailand, Timor-Leste (B) (NB), Vietnam.
Vagrant to Afghanistan, Micronesia [Federated States of], Oman, Seychelles, United Arab Emirates.
Indian Subcontinent through south-eastern Asia to north-eastern China; also occurs in Maldives, Sri Lanka, Andaman and Nicobar Is; widespread throughout Greater Sundas, Sulawesi and Philippines.
Voice
Territorial call is a throaty, 'ukh', uttered 18 - 19 times, tailing off towards the end, and repeated at long intervals. A low, clicky 'ikh' or 'ikh-ihk', is uttered in flight. A fast-paced, frog-like 'ka-ka-ka...' when flushed.
The Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Pizzey, G., and Knight, E., 1997, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 19691 5
Field Guide to Australian Birds Morecombe, M., 2000, Steve Parish Publishing Pty Ltd. ISBN 1 876282 10 X
Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Simpson, K., and Day, N., 1999, 6th Edition, Viking ISBN 0 670 87918 5
Reader's Digest Complete Book of Australian Birds 1988, 2nd Edition, Reader's Digest ISBN 0 949819 99 9
What Bird is That? 1984, Revised Edition, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 14846 5
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds 1990 - , Oxford University Press, Melbourne ISBN 0 19 553244 9