Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea)

Family
Laridae (Gulls, Terns, Skimmers)

Size
40 - 47 cm
Wingspan: 112 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Phipps, 1774)

Habitat
Crags or coastal cliffs, foraging offshore or amongst ice-packs. In winter, essentially pelagic.

Range (Guide)

Canada (B), Greenland (B) (NB), Russia (Asian) (B), Russia (European) (B), Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (B), USA (B).

Vagrant to Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland (NB), Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands Antilles, Norway, Poland, Russia (Central Asian), St Pierre and Miquelon (NB), Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.

Rarity Status
Currently this species is not classified as a rarity in this country OR information has not been updated.

Population
Estimated population is 15,000 - 25,000 (2010) and decreasing.

Status NT
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Food
Small marine invertebrates and fish, carrion and faeces.

Voice
Harsh calls uttered at breeding colonies. Grating tern-like 'kyuui' or 'kree-kree'. A high mewing whistle 'wheeew' or 'preeo'. Otherwise silent.

Xeno-Canto Sound Files

Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) [XC284132]
by id from Svalbard, Norway (call)

Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) [XC321227]
by Claire Mazard from Norwegian sea, Norway (call)

Nest
A small mound of vegetation on a cliff ledge.

Eggs (Guide)
1 - 2; pale buff with darker markings.

Subspecies
No subspecies.

References
See References.

The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds 1980, 3rd Edition, Drive Publications Ltd ISBN 0 340 25308 8
Birds in Colour Campbell, B., 1960, Penguin Books Ltd
The Pocket Guide to Nest and Eggs Fitter, R.S.R., 1954, Collins
RSPB Handbook of British Birds Holden, P., Cleeves, T., 2002, A & C Black ISBN 0 7136 5713 8
Birds of Britain and Europe Sterry, P., et al., 2001, AA Publishing ISBN 0 7495 3068 5
The Popular Handbook of British Birds Hollom, P.A.D., 1973, H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd ISBN 0 85493 002 7

Files:

JPG files for Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) - 10 files

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BirdLife International

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BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

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